Sickle Cell Disease
Understanding Sickle Cell Disease in African Americans
What is Sickle Cell Disease?
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder affecting the shape and function of red blood cells. Normal red blood cells are round and flexible, but in individuals with SCD, they become rigid and crescent-shaped, resembling a sickle. This abnormal shape can cause blockages in blood flow, leading to severe pain, infections, and other serious health complications.
An Important Discussion on Sickle Cell Disease
Watch this informative Community Conversation on Sickle Cell Disease. Listen in to gain valuable insight from medical professionals and patients.
Prevalence in African Americans
Sickle Cell Disease is particularly prevalent among African Americans. Approximately 1 in 365 African American births are affected by SCD. Additionally, about 1 in 13 African American babies are born with the sickle cell trait (SCT), which means they carry one copy of the gene responsible for the disease but typically do not exhibit symptoms.
Symptoms and Complications
Individuals with SCD may experience a range of symptoms and complications, including:
- Chronic pain episodes
- Fatigue and anemia
- Swelling in the hands and feet
- Frequent infections
- Delayed growth in children and adolescents
- Vision problems
Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing SCD and improving quality of life. Newborn screening for SCD is standard in the United States, allowing for early intervention. Treatment options include:
- Pain management
- Blood transfusions
- Hydroxyurea therapy
- Bone marrow transplants
Resources and Support
If you or a loved one is affected by SCD, numerous resources and support networks are available: